What problems are currently encountered in schooling with regard to Essay

What problems are currently encountered in schooling with regard to issues of gender or 'race' or class How would your ideal education system tackle these issues - Essay Example In the UK schools, classrooms have children from different race, class, religion, and customs. So, the children in their development stage, mentally and physically interact with children of different ethnic groups and social status. These interactions can turn bad if the right kind of attention is not given by the education system. Gender discrimination in school is another problem that can have bad effects on growing child as it is the time when children start exploring themselves and start recognizing their part in the society. As per the reports in the late 2009, racial problems among the UK school children touched up to 40,000 cases, which give us an idea that it’s growing as an issue of national importance. The cases include all categories of pupil; right from primary school to higher school level. Mostly, in cases where a toddler or primary school children is involved in calling nick names or jokes that have racial inclination, it’s never taken into notice that these small kids are not aware of the length and depth of the word â€Å"racism†. Many of these cases involving school children are those which can be solved within the classroom with a well needed involvement and attention of the teacher. The problem of racial issue gets an unwanted attention when the local authorities and media are involved and the teachers are required to report and fill in the forms regarding the issue. This is the time when the existence of racial division gets into the mind of young children. The Race Relations Act 2000 was enacted to remove the discrimination under close observation of public authorities and schools. They had to observe the reflection of the policy with regard to educational achievements of students from various races. In 2002, the policy newly included certain other regulations in school by which each school has to observe and inform any kind of racial events to the concerned local

Marketing mix of Louis Vuitton Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing mix of Louis Vuitton - Assignment Example He was born in France in 1821 and joined to serve the emperor in 1852. Louis was a member of working class family being his forefathers as expert carpenters, milliners and farmers. The service period which he spent with the emperor introduced him to the styles of elite and the royal clientele who enjoyed his services even after his death. The Louis Vuitton Malletier (LVM) was established in 1854 in Paris, which is now considered the world-renowned lifestyle brand dealing in luxury leather (Louis Vuitton, 2013). The success story of the brand clearly reflects that it was not a coincidence rather Louis Vuitton achieved this peak position in the business world through the use of perfect marketing strategies (Peter Finocchiaro, 2010). LVM has always been very creative in introducing new products, since the start it has been catering to the needs the customers with the supreme quality services. LVM has been successfully using the marketing mix which led the company to acquire the second p lace in the Luxury Marketer Awards of 2010. The brand has utilized the multichannel strategies which have bridged the gap between history and status of French Fashion (Peter Finocchiaro, 2010) as per the BBC News LVM has increased its sales in the first three months of 2011 by 17%. Researchers have given the credit of successful operations of LVM to its Marketing Mix (Catarina Duque, 2012). Marketing Mix After the selection of the target market the prime concern of the management is to set the principles for marketing mix which is a combination of product strategies, pricing strategies, placing strategies and promotion strategies. These all are formulated on the basis of the preferences of target market (Louis E. Boone et al., 2011). Product LV has a wide range of products including leader goods, trunks, shoes, accessories, ornaments, watches, sunglasses and books. Initially the business was started with trunks and accessories for the travelers back in 1854. At that time people used to travel mostly through sea which required sufficient accessories. But now the LV is more concentrating towards the quality of products as the customers are more selective at present. The products of LV’s maintain high prestige and value among its customers which encourage them to buy the high priced goods (Catarina Duque, 2012). Price The distribution channel of LV enables it to control its prices. The management has complete control over the brand and the variables which might affect its operations such as the market rates, suppliers, distributers, etc. The main pricing strategy revolves around the quality maintenance which automatically leads to high price and due to this the products are never available on discounts or sale. However, recently the company has come up with some cheaper products which are offered to the exclusive customers. In countries other than France, LV offers its products with two different ranges; one is for the customers who can only afford to pay and the second is for the highly lavish and fashionable customers who actually look forward to buy LV labeled products. By making these two price ranges the company is able to approach the customers and also to differentiate between them (Catarina Duque, 2012). Place The LV’s products are exclusively available at their stores only which has added importance to its value for the customers as well as for the stakeholders who remain continuously engaged with the business

Rules And Behavior In Class And Halls English Language Essay

Rules And Behavior In Class And Halls English Language Essay Rationale: I chose this theme because it is an essential part of the school year. How you teach students to act in the beginning of the year will carry out throughout the rest of the school year. I have never had the opportunity to be in a classroom for the first couple weeks of school, so I would like to create a literature unit that focuses on this valuable unit that students need to learn. Summary: In this unit, I go through procedures that the students should know how to go through with ease. The classroom and school rules start off the unit, so that all students know what to do in the class in order to be respectful to the teacher and others. I then move into common procedures such as going to the bathroom, getting on a school bus, doing fire drills and intruder drills. I thought all of these procedures are very important to go over in the first few weeks of school. Often these drills are done during these weeks as a test to make sure the students will be safe in case of an emergency. Materials: Parish, Herman, Amelia Bedilias First Day of School, Greenwillow Books Carlstrom, Nancy, Its Your First Day of School, Annie Claire, Abrams Books for Young Readers Bloch, Serge, Butterflies in My Stomach and Other School Hazards, Sterling Thomas, Pat, Do I have to go to School, Barrons Educational Series Meiners, Cheri, Know and Follow the Rules, Free Spirit Publishing Shannon, David, David Goes to School, Blue Sky Press Kraus, Arthur, Leo the Late Bloomer, HarperCollins Modesitt, Jeanne, Sometimes I Feel Like a Mouse, Scholastic Inc. Jacobs, Paul, Fire Drill, Henry Holt and Co. Feldman, Heather, My School Bus: A Book About School Bus Safety, PowerKids Press I will also need the use of a bus for a day. Goals/Objectives/Assessments of the Unit: Goal: I want the students to be able to recite the rules of the school. Objective: Students will recite the rules of the school. Assessment: I will listen and observe students as the recite the school rules before the pledge everyday. Goal: I want the students to respect other classes when walking through the halls of the school. Objective: Students will quietly walk through the halls in a single file line with their hands at their sides and facing forward. Assessment: I will observe students as they walk in the hall. Goal: I want the students to follow the classroom rules. Objective: Students will create and follow the classroom rules. Students will then sign our contract when they fully understand the rules and consequences to the rules if they are not followed. Assessment: I will observe students on a daily basis to make sure the rules that they created are being followed not in the classroom, but school wide. Goal: I want the students to be able know the proper route to get out of the building in case of a fire drill. Objective: Students will recite and quickly escape the building according to the proper route designed by the school. Assessment: I will monitor and practice with the students to make sure they are using the right procedures. Goal: I want the students to know the proper behaviors to use on a bus. Objective: Students will perform the correct rules as said by the bus driver. Assessment: While the teacher is going over the rules I will go through and monitor to make sure students are listening and practicing the rules. Goal: I want the students to know what to do in case an intruder is in the building. Objective: Students will perform the procedures in case an intruder is in the room. Assessment: I will monitor students to make sure they are following the rules during this time. Essential Knowledge/Skills/Dispositions Outcomes: Upon completion of this unit, students will be able to recite the school rules, recite the classroom rules, and respects others while they are in the hall. This will allow for a well behaved class when the teacher is there or in case the teacher will not be able to be there for a day. Relationship to Standards: Students will meet the first and fourth standard of the NYS ELA standards. Standard 1.1 they will read, write, listen, and speak for information and understanding. They will meet this standard by writing the classroom rules and reciting these rules every morning. They will also recite the school rules every morning before the pledge. Standard 4.1 they will also read, write, listen, and speak for social interaction. Students will meet this standard by cooperating with their peers to create a set of rules for the classroom. They will have to listen to their peers for ideas. They will then write these rules with the help of the teacher. They will then all read the rules on a daily basis. Lesson Plans Lesson Plan 1 Date/Times: September 1st; 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st grade Theme: First day of school rules; Standard 1.1,4.1 Title for the Days Lesson: First day of school Goals/Objectives: Goal: I want the students to follow the classroom rules. I want students to make connections between their first day of school and Amelia Bedilias first day of school. Objective: Students will create and follow the classroom rules. Students will then sign our contract when they fully understand the rules and consequences to the rules if they are not followed. Students will list how their day and Amelias day were similar and different. Materials: Amelia Bedelias First Day of School, clay Introduction to the Lesson: Today in class, we are going to be reading a book about Amelia Bedilias first day of school. Then we are going to create our own set of classroom rules. Language Arts Activities: I will read the book Amelia Bedilias First Day of School by Herman Parish. I will have the students reflect on items going on in the story as I read it. Amelia gets lost and confused in this story a lot. Did you get lost or confused this morning? I will write down the similarities and differences about Amelias and the classs experiences with the first day of school. After doing this we will follow up the book by using clay just like in the story to create images of the students favorite animals. We will then display these so that parents will be able to see these after school. Now we will move back to the reading rug and create a list of classroom rules. The students will be the creators of these rules, I will be there as a guide to help students write down the rules. After forming the rules, I will ask students to recite the rules together. Students will be asked to review the rules and will be asked to sign the document, only when they are ready to, to make sure they have full understanding of the rules. Review and Summary: Just like in real life we may get lost in the school, but there is always an adult willing to help you. You just need to ask them for help. We also created a list of rules. In our daily lives we have rules to follow. Can you tell me some of the rules that you have to follow at home? Assessment: I will turn the rules paper over. I will ask students to raise their hands and tell me the rules we had just created. Lesson Plan 2 Date: September 2nd Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Review of Classroom Rules and Introduction of School Rules Goal: I want the students to be able to recite the rules of the school. Objective: Students will recite the rules of the school. Students will problem-solve to create rules for making students feel comfortable. Materials: Its your first day of school, Annie Claire and Sometimes I Feel Like a Mouse Introduction: Today we are going to learn the school rules. We will also read a story about a little girl who was nervous to come to school because she didnt know what to expect. We will learn how our school rules will help the girl to realize she will be okay in school. Language Art Activities: I will begin by bringing out a poster of the school rules. These may include rules about respecting others. Once I have read over the rules I will have the students read the rules along with me twice. I will then read the book Its your first day of school, Annie Claire by Margaret Wise Brown. As I read through this story, I will ask students to predict what she will worry about next. After reading the story we will go over the book and relate it to the school rules. So what happens if Anne Claire colors worse than you, what would you do? What if Anne Claire snores during nap time? Would you say anything? Do you see why it is good to have rules to follow? Why is it good to have these rules? We will then create another chart that represents what our class worries were about school. Think back to when you were going into pre-k or kindergarten. What were you worried about? After the first couple of days were you worried anymore? We will put the school rules in a spot where everyone can see them. The location will be decided by the students. Lets practice one more time. I will then end the class with Sometimes I Feel Like a Mouse. Review and Summary: How was what we learned today important for us in life at home? Could you use these school rules at home as well? How would you make sure that others feel welcome in the school? Assessment: I will observe the students while reciting the school rules to make sure they are participating in this daily reading. Lesson Plan 3 Date: September 3rd Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Bathroom Procedures Goal: I want the students to follow the classroom rules. Objective: Students will act out using bathroom manners after using the bathroom. Materials: Leo the Late Bloomer Introduction: Today we are going to go over the proper bathroom procedures. Language Arts Activities: Using the bathroom is something everyone will have to do during school. If you have to go to the bathroom you do not need to raise your hand, you may just go to the bathroom in the classroom. There is an occupied and unoccupied sign on the door. Can anyone tell me what these words mean? So if the bathroom is occupied should we get up and leave a lesson to wait in line or just wait until the person ahead of us is done? What should you do directly after using the bathroom? Thats right! Wash your hands. How long do you wash your hands for? You should put soap on one hand and turn on the faucet with the other hand, and then you should count to ten in your head. Make sure to wash the fronts and backs of your hands. Then you need to dry your hands off. I will visually show students with picture cards at this time. Now we will all practice washing our hands in groups of five. The classroom aid will assist with washing the students hands, while I read the book Leo the Late Bloomer by Arthur Kraus. This story emphasizes how being different is not weird its just different. I think this will be a good eye opener for students and this will help to make sure our classroom is a respectful one. Review: Do you wash your hands at home after you go to the bathroom? You should do this at home as well to make sure that germs are not spread around the house. Assessment: I will have the classroom aide monitor the students during this lesson to make sure they are being thorough and washing their hands properly. Lesson Plan 4 Date: September 4th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1, 4.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Rules in the Hallway Goal: I want the students to respect other classes when walking through the halls of the school. I want students to recite the meaning of common phrases. Objective: Students will quietly walk through the halls in a single file line with their hands at their sides and facing forward. Students will recite the common meanings of many common used phrases. Materials: Butterflies in my stomach and other school hazards Introduction: Today is our first day of specials. Today we will learn how to walk in the hallways so that we are respecting other classes while they are learning. Language Arts Activities: I will read Butterflies in my stomach and other school hazards by Serge Bloch. This is a short book that reviews the feelings of the first day of school. We will review page by page the sayings that were recited and I will make sure students understand each of these phrases. Do you know what this really means? If the students do not respond I will explain the sayings to the like put your best foot forward. After reviewing this, we will talk about the rules in the hallway. Can you give some ways to be respectful in the hallway? I will write these ideas on the board. Then we will practice these in the classroom. I will ask students to line up, now how did we say we should line up? Single file thats right. We will go through each rule before moving. I will then have students walk around the room the way that they had decided. Is there anything we forgot to put on here? If there is I will add this step to the board and we will practice again. Directly after reading, we will leave to go to a gym. Review: Do you think you will hear confusing sayings like this outside of the school? Why do you think that? Can you use any of the sayings we learned to talk to your parents at certain times? Give me an example. I will also review the hallway rules by having students list what they should do in the hallways. Assessment: I will monitor students on a daily basis to make sure that they are following our hallway rules. Lesson Plan 5 Date: September 5th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 4.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Review of Classroom Rules and Making Consequences to broken rules Goal: I want the students to follow the classroom rules and make consequences for actions if they rules are broken. Objective: Students will create and follow the classroom rules. Students will create a list of consequences for not following the classroom rules. Materials: Know and Follow Rules Cheri J. Meiners Introduction: Today we are going to review the school rules. Then we go over some consequences that can be made in case someone breaks a rule. Language Arts Activities: I will call on students to read the rules individually. I will do this until everyone has had a chance to read at least one rule. We will then think of some consequences to rules ranging from low to high. I will have some in mind so that this does not get out of control too much. Some consequences I have thought of are losing free time and getting warnings. If you get three warnings a letter will sent home to your parents. Are there any other consequences that you think should be added? I will then read the book Know and Follow Rules Cheri J. Meiners. This book lists four general rules. During and after reading the book I will ask students why we have rules, these are listed in the book so things are fair, we are safe, so we can learn, and get along. I will then ask students if the four rules provided in the book are in our general classroom rules. If one is missing we will add it to our list. Review: Why do we have rules? Can these same reasons be used at home as well? How were our rules similar to the rules in the story? Assessment: I will observe students behaviors in class to make sure they are following the classroom rules. Lesson Plan 6 Date: September 8th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom, School and Hallway Rules; Standard 1.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Review of All Rules Goal: I want the students to be able to recite the rules of the school. I want the students to respect other classes when walking through the halls of the school. I want the students to follow the classroom rules. Objective: Students will recite the rules of the school. Students will quietly walk through the halls in a single file line with their hands at their sides and facing forward. Students will create and follow the classroom rules. Materials: David Goes to School by David Shannon Introduction: Today we are going to read a story that reviews all the rules we have learned this week. Language Arts Activities: Read the story David Goes to School by David Shannon. As I go through the book students will raise their hands and tell me what rules are being broken by David. What consequences would David have in our classroom? What consequence did David face in his classroom? Do you think that consequence fit? Do you think David learned his lesson? Review: I will ask students to list the rules without looking at them. How can you use these rules at home? Assessment: I will monitor the students during the school year to make sure students are following along with the rules. Lesson Plan 7 Date: September 9th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1, 4.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Fire Drill Procedures Goal: I want the students to be able know the proper route to get out of the building in case of a fire drill. Objective: Students will recite and quickly escape the building according to the proper route designed by the school. Materials: Fire Drill by Paul DuBois Jacobs, bell Introduction: Today we will be reviewing the procedure for fire drills in school. Language Arts Activities: I will read the text Fire Drill to the class. What are some important rules you learned? Students: Stop what you are doing, Out the Door, Stay in Line, Stay in pairs, Stay quiet. Why is it important to immediately stop what you are doing? Why is important to go out the door, stay in line, stay in pairs, stay quiet? Once you are outside how should you act? Students: Stay in pairs, Dont Talk, Dont run, Stay with your class. We are going to practice this drill. First we need to look at our escape route. This is posted right next to the door. Where do we go first according to this chart? Where do we end up? Close to the school or far away? Lets bring our book with us to make sure we are doing this right. I will bring a bell with me to act as a fire bell. I will flip through the pages as students perform the drill. After coming back to the class I will have the students do an activity on safe fire procedures. They will then plan their own escape route for their house. We will repeat this during the day to make sure the students understand what is going on and how to get out of the building safely. Review: Which door do we use to get out of? If that door is blocked what do we do? What could you do at home with your family to make sure you all end up in the same place safely? Assessment: I will monitor the students during the practice runs to make sure they are following the rules and procedures. Lesson Plan 8 Date: September 10th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1, 4.1 Title for Todays Lesson: School Bus Rules Goal: I want the students to know the proper behaviors to use on a bus. Objective: Students will perform the correct rules as said by the bus driver. Materials: My School Bus: A Book About School Bus Safety by Heather Feldman, bus Introduction: Today we are going to learn about school bus safety when we go on field trips and ride them to school. Language Arts Activities: I will first read My School Bus: A Book about School Bus Safety. As I read the story, I will ask questions about the children in the book and what they are doing right. We will then go outside to get into the bus and practice rules. We will review the rules as we go along. For example, how to you get on the bus? How many people should be in a seat? We will then go back to the classroom and complete a worksheet where you have to circle hazards on the bus. Review: What are some of the rules used while we are on a bus? Assessment: I will assess students by observing them on the bus. Lesson Plan 9 Date: September 11th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Rules in case of an intruder Goal: I want the students to know what to do in case an intruder is in the building. Objective: Students will perform the procedures in case an intruder is in the room. Materials: David Goes to School Introduction: Today we are going to learn what to do in case there is an intruder in the building. Language Arts Activities: First we will go over the word intruder. What do you think this means? I will make a semantic web up on the board in order to include all possible definitions. Next, I will tell the students what code name is announced when an intruder is in the building; his name will be Mr. Purple. I will then show students what to do when an intruder announcement is called. We will line up sitting on the floor in front of the cubbies. This way no one can see us. I will lock the door and shut the door and the lights off. It is very important to stay seated and quiet in the room. Okay lets practice, I will start to re-read David Goes to School and a classroom aid will say Dr. Purple is in the building. Students will then move to the designated area and I will lock and shut the door and turn off the lights. After performing the drill and we have waited five minutes I will call the drill off. Students will then be asked to move back to the reading rug. I will ask them what went well. What could we do next time to make sure this happened quicker and quieter? Review: What does the word intruder mean? Can an intruder come in to your house? What do we do when Dr. Purple is in the building is announced over the speaker system.? Assessment: I will monitor students to make sure they are following the rules during this time. Lesson Plan 10 Date: September 12th Time: 8:45-9:45 Grade Level: 1st Theme: Classroom and School Rules; Standard 1.1, 4.1 Title for Todays Lesson: Review of Rules and Procedures Goal: I want the students to be able to recite the rules as best as they can. Objective: Students will recite the bus, intruder and fire drill rules. Materials: Do I have to go to school? Introduction: Today we are going to review the bus, intruder and fire drill rules. Language Arts Activities: I will have drawn a bus, person and fire on the board and I will list the rules inside each of these forms. We have learned about some pretty important rules in the last couple of days. Who can tell me some bus rules? I will list these in the bus. Are we missing any? Now what are our intruder rules? Now what are our fire drill rules? I will then ask students if any of the rules in each of these categories is the same. I will circle similar rules in each form with a different colored marker. How does this help us to have similar rules in each set of rules? I will then read, Do I have to go to school? by Pat Thomas. This will review the reasons of coming to school and give the students a feeling of wanting to be at school. Review: I will cover up the board. Who remembers one rule that is similar in all three procedures? How can we use these same rules in our own life at home? Assessment: I will observe the students work on the board to make sure they encompassed all of the rules on the board.

Morocco Essay -- essays research papers

Morocco,is a country in the northwestern corner of Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea on the north and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. The Strait of Gibraltar, which connects the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, separates Morocco from Spain by only about 8 miles (13 kilometers). Fertile plains lie along Morocco's coasts, and forested mountains stretch across the middle of the country from southwest to northeast. Beyond the mountains lies a sun-baked desert, the Sahara. Rabat is Morocco's capital, and Casablanca is the largest city. Nearly all Moroccans are of mixed Arab and Spanish descent. But the people make up two distinct ethnic groups--Arab and Spanish--depending mainly on whether they speak Arabic or Spanish. Almost all Moroccans are Muslims. Farming is the chief occupation, and more than half the people live in rural areas. France and Spain controlled Morocco from the early 1900's until it won independence in 1956.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Morocco is a constitutional monarchy headed by a king. Its Constitution gives the king broad powers. For example, he commands the armed forces, may issue orders that have the force of law, and controls the major government agencies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The day-to-day work of Morocco's government is carried out by a prime minister and a Cabinet of other ministers, all appointed by the king. The Chamber of Representatives makes Morocco's laws. Its 306 members serve six-year terms. The people elect two-thirds of the members. The rest are chosen by representatives of local governments, professional organizations, and other groups. All citizens who are 20 years of age or older may vote.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Morocco is divided into 35 provinces and 6 prefectures. Rabat makes up one prefecture, and Casablanca the other five. A governor appointed by the king heads each province and prefecture. The provinces are further divided into smaller units. The national government controls all local governments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Morocco's Istiqlal (Independence) Party promotes the spread of Arab culture and reforms based on Islamic teachings. The Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires (Socialist Union of Popular Forces) backs broad socialist reforms. The conservative Mouvement Populaire (Popular Movement) generally supports the king's policies. Other political parties in Morocco ... ...r. Mauritania also wanted parts of the area. But the Polisario Front, an organization in Spanish Sahara, demanded independence. In 1976, Spain gave up the area to Morocco and Mauritania. Morocco claimed the northern part, and Mauritania the southern. The area came to be called Western Sahara.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Polisario Front continued to demand independence for Western Sahara. Fighting broke out between the Front and troops from Morocco and Mauritania. Algeria and Libya provided military aid to the Front. In 1979, Mauritania gave up its claim to Western Sahara. Morocco then claimed the entire area. Fighting between Morocco and the Polisario Front continued.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The cost of the fighting in Western Sahara drained the economy of Morocco. The economy also suffered when the world market price of phosphate rock, Morocco's chief export, dropped sharply in the 1980's.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A cease-fire between Moroccan forces and those of the Polisario Front was declared in September 1991. The cease-fire plan also called for a referendum (direct vote) to determine whether Western Sahara would become independent or a part of Morocco.

Radiation Therapy

1. What concepts in the chapter are illustrated in this case? What ethical issues are raised by radiation technology? Basic concepts that are covered in this case are responsibility, accountability and liability. Ethical issues that are raised by radiation technology is when scientist is finding ways to use radiation therapy to destroy cancerous cells while making sure that healthy cells are not being harmed. An incident occurred where Mr. Jerome-Parks â€Å"experienced deafness and near-blindness, ulcers in his mouth and throat, persistent nausea, and severe pain. (Laudon, 2012, p. 131). Organizations did not take the time to properly train doctors and medical technicians therefore incidents like Jerome-Parks happens. The machines that are used to ‘cure’ patients are not being appropriately updated and watch carefully. In this case study we can see that the technicians are not being fully responsible and being careless, and doctors that are not getting the full trainin g for operating the machine. 2. What management, organization and technology factors that was responsible for the problems detailed in this case?The management, organization and technology factors were responsible for the problems detailed in this case because they failed to provide extensive training for doctors, technicians, and machine operations as well as insufficient staffs. They should have thought of creating a mandatory checklist for employees each time the machine was being used. The lack of knowledge on the machines, the lack of reporting these incidents for future references instead the doctors and technicians do not troubleshoot the problem unless it is serious and by that time the patient(s) is already injured.The machines were not well designed, there was software glitch and â€Å"the complexity of new Linear accelerator technology has not been accompanied by with appropriate updates in software† (Laudon, 2012, p. 132). 3. Do you feel that any of the groups inv olved with this issue (hospital administrators, technicians, medical equipment, and software manufacturers) should accept the majority of the blame for these incidents? I feel as if they are all responsible for this issue because if the medical equipment, software manufacturer and technicians were the first people who would be experiencing the machine.The software manufacturer designed the software so they should have known if there was any error that was missed during the trial and error stage. If there was they should’ve continued with more research until the software was nearly perfect because it is what operated the entire machine. The software was the main source of machine to operate because those software engineers were hired for a reason and they had responsibility in executing the errors and debugging them. This also would go on to the medical equipment and technicians because these technicians should already have knowledge on what is right and what is wrong.Technici ans are the one that tries out the machine at the hospital first they are the one that have the main knowledge on how these machines should be operating. All these three should be responsible for this issue since they are part in creating the machine and testing it out. 4. How would a central reporting agency that gathered data on radiation-related accidents help reduce the number of radiation therapy errors in the future? Having a central reporting agency that gathered data of radiation-related accidents could prevent future overdoses, misadministration, and deaths or near deaths.These data can train future and present doctors from doing these incidents, allows the agency to monitor the use of the machine and especially creates a safety environment. If these accidents were to occur more than once than the managers are the MIS could take in the machines for a more detailed examination, changing the policy and procedures. Also reporting the radiation therapy errors can used to teach future doctors, technicians, medical operators about it so they would not make the same mistake again. At the same time this can save many lives that was once put into danger due to the lack of knowledge, carelessness, and laziness. . If you were in charge of designing electronic software for a linear accelerator, what are some features you would include? Are there any features you would avoid? If I were in charge of designing electronic software for a linear accelerator some features I would include: a check list that is embedded within the machine ensuring that everything goes smoothly, a safety button which allows the machine to alert the doctor or technicians that something went wrong and will automatically shut down if the machine seems to malfunction that can do harm to a patient.Making sure that the software is doing its job in saving people’s lives, the software will go through multiple of examination until it is working at its potential. Every time the system seems t o malfunction it will be sent back to the manufacturing for fixing. I would avoid what happened to those patients that died because of the manufacturer’s error. Anything that was at fault will be avoided and things will be done properly and precisely to ensure every part of the machine is working. Work Cited Laudon, Kenneth and Laudon, Jane. (2012). Management Information Systems: Managing the digital film (5th ed. ). Pearson Education Canada.

Metro Group

Metro Group Executive Summary: Metro has taken initiative to implement RFID tagging to better track its inventory and improve its supply chain management. The palette level tracking which has been implemented at certain stores has proven beneficial and now Metro is considering case level tagging. Given the cost savings, improvement in inventory and store level performance, the case level tagging would yield higher savings as compared to palette level tagging. Since RFID technology is evolving very fast the primary cost – price of tags, would decreases significantly and thereby would increase ROI.Therefore, with the assumptions case level tagging is recommended over palette level tagging. In-Store Logistics problem: One factor that contributes to in store logistic problems is on shelf availability of products. There’s about 6% to 10% out of stock rate in grocery retailing and that is a major problem in loss of revenue and potential loss of customers. The cause of this pr oblem could be that the inventory already exists in store but the in store inventory system is not sophisticated enough to prevent the problem. RFID, however, can help improve inventory data accuracy and stock visibility.Another problem is promotion compliance – because of the numerous promotions going on per store, the stores lack the resources to carry out all the events effectively and that could result in manufacture dissatisfaction due to unsatisfactory promotions. Using RFID can help in pallet and case level by giving accurate stock information so manufacturers can see how their promotions are doing as well as if markets are holding their end of the bargain. Finally, RFID can improve problems in productivity and labor efficiencies. One problem is workers unable to locate items to physically scan them with traditional readers.With RFID, the worker just needs to be within the vicinity so no extra work needed to identify correct pallet from within a case. Another labor pro blem that arises is too much manual work done by workers to scan items when they arrive, with RFID, the pallets can just arrive on location and just be unloaded instead of manually inspecting codes by workers. Process flow of the supply chain: Upon production, the assembly of the pallets is conducted at the manufacturer’s plant. The pallets are stored either at the manufacturer’s warehouse or are shipped to a distribution center (DC).From the DC the pallets are either shipped to one of Metro’s DCs or directly to a Metro store. At the Metro DC pallets are either kept as they arrive or get unbundled and repackaged as mixed pallets. Every pallet contains from 60 to 80 cases with some exceptional cases of 900cases/pallet. The above flow requires high labor force. As a next step, the stock room determines how much of the product should be moved directly to the sales floor and how much needs to remain in the stock room. There are cases where products marked for the sa les floor had to be returned back to the stock room due to lack of display space.The products displayed at the sales floor are also relocated for promotional events. A retail store receives shipments either directly from the manufacturer or from a variety of Metro DCs. In addition to the various locations the shipments originated, the size of the pallets, the pallet mix, the randomness of the delivery schedules there are also cases where a product has to be returned for quality issues or product damage. Business Process Optimization at the pallet level: The major difference between barcodes and RFID tags is that RFID tags do not require a direct line of sight for scanning and processing.This leads to major process automation wherever the process scanning is required, e. g. scan barcode on pallet, scan storage barcode to verify location, forklift driver scans barcode on pallet etc. Whenever a pallet is within a read range from an RFID reader, the scanning automatically takes places, therefore, the employee doesn’t have to physically locate and scan the tag (ultrahigh frequency benefits displayed in Exhibit 3). Apart from that, RFID tags can store information about the object itself (location, case counts, etc. ).This leads to major picking and truck loading process optimization. Whenever a pallet is created, the number of cases and pallet location can be stored in the tag and placed on the pallet. Pallet movement can then be detected by readers placed within the warehouse for improved warehouse visibility. This allows employees to locate the pallets quicker and reduce the time required to move pallets to outgoing docks for shipment. Inbound and outbound pallet inspection during the truck loading process becomes faster, more accurate, and requires less resource utilization.RFID readers at the loading docks will be able to automatically check the identity of a pallet when it is moved onto or off the truck, eliminating in that way the need for manual scanni ng and inspection. Business Process Optimization at the case level: Implementation of RFID tags at the case level reduces the need for forklift readers to count cases on the pallets as the case tags provide immediate signal notification of case count. As pallets are stored in the Metro DC for potential case mixing, current process flow is facilitated by improved efficiency of mixed-pallet picking.In addition, RFID tags identify optimal picking paths for the employees or the best route to take through the warehouse when they search for the products that will consist of the mixed pallet. During shrink-wrapping, the need to label the mixed pallets is eliminated as case tags will verify and notify trucks (headed from Metro DC to Metro stores) for the pallet content. Case level RFID tags also eliminate the 1% mixed pallet case recounting process, a result of too many or too few cases being picked for mixed pallets or wrong cases altogether being picked.The tags on the cases notify employ ees of improper inclusion or exclusion without the need for manual recounts. Process improvement is facilitated through more efficient shelf restocking at the store level. For the first time, employees have improved visibility of what is in the backroom, instead of relying upon memory of backroom items. This will help limit the stock outs but will also improve the inventory-ordering accuracy. Last but not least, storage mapping utilized in conjunction with case level RFID tags limits the time required for searching the replenishment cases.When the point-of-sale data indicates that a shelf is empty, employees are notified that replenishment is required, have clear visibility of the number of that particular item available in the backroom, as well as the exact backroom item location. Cost-Benefit analysis: Exhibit 1 shows the cost benefit analysis for the implementation of RFID either at palette level or case level. In both scenarios, Metro would not be generating enough incremental p rofits as opposed to the investment.Certain assumptions were made regarding average cost of tag, average number of pallets reaching DC and number of DC. In case of palette level tagging, manufacture is set to make huge savings per plant which is evident from per palette saving data as well. But for the case level tagging, Metro will be generating high incremental savings but not more than investment. Assuming that tags and portal bought by Metro runs for 5 years, Metro will break even on its investment in less than 2 years and would earn more than $11M savings per year thereafter.

Microsoft Corporation facing antitrust claims

Microsoft Corporation facing antitrust claims On May 18, 1998, Microsoft, the largest computer software manufacturer in the world was sued on a number of antitrust allegations. The allegations ranged from violation of various sections of the Sherman Antitrust Act to Microsoft illegally attempting to monopolize the internet browser market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Microsoft Corporation facing antitrust claims specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was also alleged that Microsoft had illegally monopolized the operating systems market for personal computers whereby it had anti-competitively bundled its windows operating system with its Internet browser, Internet Explorer. These allegations arose due to Microsoft which had monopoly power misusing the market influence it possessed in order to dominate the market. It was also alleged that Microsoft had made some anti-competitive and illegal contractual arrangements with various internet service providers and compu ter manufacturers and was also involved with other illegal actions and also discouraged its competitors to penetrate into the market through the utilization of application barriers hence creating a monopoly in a bid to strengthen its grip on monopolizing the market (U.S. Department of Labor n.d.). The United States department of justice petitioned the District court to find in civil contempt the Microsoft Corporation. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson issued an injunction that stopped the putting together of windows and internet explorer. This preliminary injunction was however overruled by DC Circuit Court of Appeals on May 12, 1998 citing that the 1995 consent decree did not apply to windows 98. â€Å"The argument for this course of action was that, the limited competence of courts to evaluate high-tech product design and the high cost of error should make them wary of second-guessing the claimed benefits of a particular design decision’’ (DeCarlo, 2003). On issuing his ‘conclusions of law’ Judge Jackson on April 3, stated that Microsoft was guilty of an anti-competitive tying of Internet Explorer with windows and also liable for monopolization but also found that Microsoft did not hinder the distribution of Netscape through its contracts. Judge Jackson on June 2000 found that, Microsoft enjoys the largest and most stable market share thus having a monopoly; it also used its power as a monopoly to eliminate its competitors from accessing personal computers’ operating systems, Microsoft’s actions were also deemed to have harmed consumers.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The judge also found that the antitrust market is the personal computer operating systems market for the computers that are compatible with Intel. The judge also noted that the ‘applications barrier to entry,’ is what protect ed Microsoft’s monopoly. Judge Jackson also observed that despite the fact that its contracts had various anti-competitive implications, Microsoft was however not guilty of any anti-competitive contracts that would hinder Netscape’s distribution (Mallor et al 2010). In my opinion, should Microsoft windows split with internet explorer, the company would be at a disadvantage since it would suffer a hefty loss which they had previously enjoyed good sales from. This would in turn give a fighting chance to the other players in the field to gather up a market share from Microsoft which would hurt their profits and control of the market and should the ruling on bundling not be reversed, Microsoft could easily loose grip of their customers. Due to antitrust uncertainty, Microsoft has also had a 40% drop in their stock price. The other issue at hand is the continuous antitrust lawsuits that Microsoft is about to face in the near future should the ruling be withheld and this is a key factor that spells a series of other antitrust lawsuits against other key players in the computer industry. References DeCarlo, D. (2003). Exclusive remedy in a nutshell. CBS Interactive, Inc. Web. Mallor, J., Barnes, A., Bowers, T. Langvardt, A. (2010). Business law: The ethical, global and e-commerce environment. New York:, NY: McGraw Hill/Irwin.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Microsoft Corporation facing antitrust claims specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More U.S. Department of Labor. (n.d.). Occupational safety health administration. Retrieved from https://www.osha.gov/about.html

Einstein Proposes His Theory of Relativity

Einstein Proposes His Theory of Relativity In 1905, Albert Einstein, a 26-year-old patent clerk, wrote a paper that revolutionized science. In his Special Theory of Relativity, Einstein explained that the speed of light was constant but that both space and time were relative to the position of the observer.   Who Was Albert Einstein? In 1905, Albert Einstein was not a famous scientist actually, he was quite the opposite. Einstein had been an unpopular student at the Polytechnic Institute, at least with the professors, because he wasnt shy about telling them he found their classes dull.  That was why when Einstein (barely) graduated in 1900, none of his professors would write him a recommendation letter. For two years, Einstein was an outcast of sorts and was very lucky to finally get a job in 1902 at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. Although he worked six days a week, the new job allowed Einstein to get married and start his family. He also spent his limited free time working on his doctorate. Despite his future fame, Einstein seemed an undistinguished, 26-year-old, paper pusher in 1905. What most did not realize was that in between work and his family life (he had a young son), Einstein worked diligently on his scientific theories. These theories would soon change how we viewed our world. Einstein's Theory of Relativity In 1905, Einstein wrote five articles and had them published in the prestigious Annalen der Physik (Annals of Physics). In one of these papers, â€Å"Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Koerper† (â€Å"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies†), Einstein detailed his Special Theory of Relativity. There were two main parts of his theory. First, Einstein discovered that the speed of light is constant. Secondly, Einstein determined that space and time are not absolutes; rather, they are relative to the position of the observer. For example, if a young boy were to roll a ball across the floor of a moving train, how fast was the ball moving? To the boy, it might look like the ball was moving at 1 mile per hour. However, to someone watching the train go by, the ball would appear to be moving the one mile per hour plus the speed of the train (40 miles per hour). To someone watching the event from space, the ball would be moving the one mile per hour the boy had noticed, plus the 40 miles an hour of the speed of the train, plus the speed of the Earth. E=mc2 In a follow-up paper also published in 1905, â€Å"Ist die Traegheit eines Koerpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhaengig?† (â€Å"Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?†), Einstein determined the relationship between mass and energy. Not only are they not independent entities, which had been a long-held belief, their relationship could be explained with the formula Emc2 (Eenergy, mmass, cspeed of light). Einsteins theories not only changed Newtons three laws and transformed physics, it became a foundation for astrophysics and the atomic bomb.

50 Out of This World Space Activities

50 Out of This World Space Activities Send your elementary school class over the moon with these  space activities. Here is a list of space-related resources to help blast your students imaginations into outer space: Space Activities The Smithsonian Education site provides a general introduction to the universe.View the atmosphere through Google Earth.NASA offers teachers grades K-6 a variety of space-related activities.View astronomy photographs and browse interactive activities at the HubbleSite.View a space grocery list and have students create their own version.Learn how to construct a space station.Get active and learn how to train like an astronaut.Create a space shuttle scavenger hunt.Write a biography about a former astronomer.Research about extraterrestrial intelligence and have students debate whether other life forms even exist.Read the Top 10 Reasons for Going into Space and have students write a top 10 essay about what they learned about space.Learn about space-related events coming up on the space calendar.View the shuttle countdown site where you can learn how the countdown operates and view live coverage.Get a 3D look of the solar system.Create a timeline of space firsts.Build an air-powered bottl e rocket. Build an edible space shuttle out of peanut butter, celery, and bread.Give an astronomy and/or space quiz.Watch NASA TV.Learn about NASA Acronyms.Read nonfiction space books about NASA space exploration, and the history.Browse pictures of animals in space.Watch age appropriate movies about space.Compare women astronauts with men astronauts.Learn how astronauts go to the bathroom in space (students will sure get a kick out of this one).Watch Apollo videos and have students create a KWL chart.Have students complete an activity book about space.Build a bubbled power rocket.Build a moon habitat.Make moon cookies.Launch a rocket from a spinning planet.Make asteroids students can eat.Place space toys and materials in your learning center for hands-on fun.Go on a field trip to a place like the US Space and Rocket Center.Write a letter to a space scientist asking him space-related questions.Compare Yuri Gagarins space mission with that of Alan Shepard.View the first photograph from space.Vie w a timeline of the first mission to space. View an interactive expedition of the first mission to space.View an interactive recreation of the Apollo space shuttle.Explore a journey into space with this Scholastic interactive game.View solar system trading cards.Make a comet with dry ice, garbage bags, hammer, gloves, ice-cream sticks, sand or dirt, ammonia, and corn syrup.Have students design and build their own spaceship.Print out this space quiz and test your students knowledge.Brainstorm what living on the moon would be like. Have students design and build their own colony.Find out when a spacecraft will be flying over your city.Find out what it took to have a man be able to walk on the moon.Learn about gravity and the fundamentalists of physics.A kids website dedicated to teaching students about the wonders of space. Additional Space Resources For further information on space choose a few of these kid-friendly websites to visit: Astronomy for Kids:  Learn about the moon, planets, asteroids, and comets through interactive games and activities.Space Kids:  View videos, experiments, projects, and more.NASA Kids Club:  Space-related fun and games for kids.ESA Kids:  Interactive site to learn about the universe and life in space.Cosmos 4 Kids:  Astronomy basics and science of the stars.

Medical Torture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Medical Torture - Research Paper Example This was essentially the same debate that existed in Britain during the nineteenth century on vivisections (Miller 334). If the prisoner dies from taking the herb medicine, then that herb plant or its active ingredients can be eliminated from the list of possible medicinal drugs from the list kept by the imperial doctors. If the prisoner gets well, then that herbal concoction gets examined for its other healing properties and included in that precious list. Ancient Chinese medicine could be cited here as an example of medical practices that may have bordered on the unethical if it is considered within today’s stricter context in bio-ethics. Acupuncturists could not gain much knowledge about the human body without using live humans as experimental subjects. There are obvious advantages to using live human subjects in medical experiments. A need to examine the effects of certain drugs or surgical procedures on live subjects gives the immediate feedback that has great importance on the search for medical knowledge. The field of medical science did not cringe from using live animals for experiments, such as monkeys and rats, until these practices were banned only recently for humanitarian reasons. Discussion China was not alone in the ancient world in its search for cures of human ailments. Other ancient civilizations such as those in Iraq, Egypt and Persia also contributed to the accumulation of human medical knowledge. The search for a cure can be considered as the corollary to a much deeper search – the search for the fountain of youth and immortality. In ancient Chinese traditional medicine, emperors constantly consulted with their sage doctors or physicians regarding such topics as pathology, diagnostics, acupuncture and moxibution. The ancient priests of Egypt succeeded in developing the lost medical art of mummification in their quest for immortality and in building the pyramids to house their mummies. In ancient China, these sage physicians an d erudite teachers discussed medicine in the wider context of the overall Chinese culture to encompass other areas of knowledge such as cosmology, astronomy, geography, military science, philosophy and divination (Galambos 1). It can be said that the search for medical answers to some of the most baffling diseases like cancer continues today. Although medical professionals are expected to adhere to the ancient oath of Hippocrates, there are a few rogue elements that will resort to shortcuts and unethical methods to obtain their research. This is especially tempting to people who have illusions of grandeur, such as being the first to discover the cure for cancer, as an example. A more recent experience with medical experimentation was that of Nazi Germany in which prisoners were used in experiments, sometimes without the use of anesthesia, to test the limits of human endurance and tolerance for pain. Their use of live humans was founded on the false science of eugenics based on hered ity and Darwin’s theory of evolution. Famous people were captivated by an allure of eugenics (literally, good genes) like Winston Churchill and John Maynard Keynes among others, to include US presidents Roosevelt and Wilson. It was a by-product of the Progressive Movement to attain social progress (Winfield 59). Eugenics apparently lost favor because of those inhuman and unauthorized series of experiments which even some medical scientists found to be revolting. The practice of the false

Ancient Chinese Contributions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Ancient Chinese Contributions - Essay Example Ancient Chinese has been recognized for a variety of inventions and contributions to mankind. Since ancient periods in China have been categorized according to dynasties, the ten most useful inventions and contributions noted and attributed to Chinese ingenuity and innovativeness are as follows: the building of the Great Wall of China and the multiplication table during the Qin or Ch’in Dynasty; the invention of the compass and paper making during the Han Dynasty; making of tea and matches during the Era of Disunity; making of porcelain during the Sui Dynasty; gunpowder in the Tang Dynasty; and finally, printing and wine making during the Sung Dynasty (Inventions, Innovations and Other Contributions from Ancient China). Of course there are other notable discoveries and contributions during ancient times but these inventions rise above the rest in terms of creating significant impact on the growth and development of civilizations around the world. From among these ten remarkable contributions, one strongly believes that the four most ingenious and innovative are the building of the Great Wall of China, paper making, printing, and the compass. The Great Wall of China has been renowned worldwide as one of the wonders of the world and as such, the building of the wall that reaches an immense length of about 8,850 kilometers or 5,500 miles long (Rosenberg) is a commendable task even to be imagined as such ancient times when materials and labor skills have not even been considered sophisticated or advanced. Paper making was likewise attributed to the ancient Chinese and have provided the impetus for the creation of paper currency and other documents that could be preserved. Due to the discovery, fast amounts of recording and documentation of historical events, famous writings, art works and literary pieces have been effectively archived. Printing, on the other hand, is also a relevant contribution as it

Topic Proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Topic - Research Proposal Example I am proud to understand that my grandfather was part of Second World War which a historical event changed the face of my home country. Having a multiple ancestry root is admirable fact, but my grandparent’s engagement in World War II changed my persona to a great extend† (Thesis)â€Å"Developing one’s self consists mainly in trend to self-development†3 Second World War is an historical event which has a great importance in political and social terms. This is a war which had all the superpowers of the world participating in it and winning this war was a crucial for all. This Second World War has enhanced the innovative dynamics of America and has built in them a sense of citizenship and patriotism. This war shows the dedication, sincerity and devotion of veteran Americans had for their country. â€Å"The Americans supplied us with 450,000 lorries.Of course, in the final stages of the war this significantly increased our armed forces mobility, decreased our losses and brought us, perhaps, greater success than if we had not such help†7 The Second World War is immensely connected to my family as my maternal and paternal side is linked to this historical event. Firstly, my Granddad was a war veteran which showed the patriotism he had for his country. â€Å"Over time in the United States, this necessary war has been transformed into a good war, the best war the country ever had† 1.Apart from this, on my maternal side, her Irish ancestors took part as British military men in Second World War. Moreover, as we moved to Connecticut after World War II, our life took a positive course â€Å"At the outbreak of the Second World War southern Ireland declared itself neutral while the six counties of Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom became involved†5. Understanding one’s family heritage is of great value as it allows one to grow emotionally and personally as an individual. â€Å"The family is usually considered

Executive report describing how information technology impacts the Essay

Executive report describing how information technology impacts the Real Estate Industry - Essay Example Online purchasing for instance has reduced the number of agents, retail stores and warehouses needed - these very services were thriving a couple of decades ago. On the other hand, access to the most unusual information, the most uncommon places, the rarest of books and even personal web logs are now just a click away. Hence, the value of a product, service or piece of information has undergone an overhaul since the onset of the Information Technology revolution. Added, these values even after changes are not static but yet in the process of stabilizing, allowing for large potential differences between current value and future value. Traditionally, real estate value has been known to depend upon criteria such as size, location, amenities, and even climatic environments, and now, information technology is an added consideration. Cyberspace technology enables interested clients to browse through properties of their choice using various search options such as zip code, size, amenities and budget. It is also possible to take a virtual tour of the property, its interiors and its neighborhood.

Current legislation, standards and guidance require microbial Essay

Current legislation, standards and guidance require microbial monitoring of utilities (eg steam and water), facilities (eg the c - Essay Example The design of the sterile services department facility must be perfect in every detail to prevent microbial contamination of the area and the products. The entryway must be set up as to prevent unauthorised persons from gaining access and to stop workers from entering while wearing improper or insufficient protective clothing, since this traffic would bring outside contaminants into the sterile area. There must be space to separate sterilized equipment from contaminated equipment, so that no microbial cross-contamination occurs. Washrooms and changing rooms must be available to the staff and set up so that workers' outside clothing never comes into contact with their sterile gear (Sterile Services 2004). Due to the strenuous nature of these and dozens of other requirements, many hospitals and medical offices now choose to obtain their sterile equipment through a commercial retailer rather than have their own sterile services department on-site (Lawrence & May 2003). ... vel of particulate matter in the air is used to calculate the possible amount of microbial life present in the clean room facility, as well as dust and other contaminants such as ski and hair. (Rousseau 2004). It is monitored by a discrete-particle counter, which can detect particle diameters anywhere between 0,1 and 5 ?m to aid in determining the ISO clean room class of the facility (Schicht 2003). A sterile services department is required to contain the necessary equipment to disinfect medical products in an approved manner, following a validated sterilization process; the preferred method is steam sterilization (Russel, Hugo, & Ayliffe 1999). Steam sterilization is used because it is non-toxic and provides the most effective method for destroying many types of microbial life. Unfortunately, many contemporary surgical tools and medical devices are made of plastic, and would not survive a steam sterilization cycle. These items are decontaminated with a low-temperature method, such a s acid immersion (HIPAC 2008). Because many medical devices are considered critical risk, designed to come in contact with a patient sub-dermally, it is vitally important for a sterile services department to keep their sterilization equipment in perfect working order. The sterilizer itself must be tested daily to ensure it functions properly and completes an entire sterilization cycle, weekly for safety and function, and annually by a testing technician to check the steriliser against manufacturer specifications (Lawrence & May 2003). These tests help the sterile services department ensure that their sterilizer is actually removing the microbial load. Since the margin for error with sterilization is so narrow, a sterile services department must also ensure all incoming utilities, especially

K Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

K - Assignment Example rk therefore highly informs my current topic choice by nature of ability to dig deep into the echelons of a particular knowledge area and unearth as much information as possible. The desire to pursue this investigation therefore rests on the fact that this is a topic with wide knowledge and also interesting to follow. The unit also informs much on the research questions initially created very widely. In essence, there was knowledge of coming up with open ended questions that never gave an in-depth knowledge of information about a particular topic. The initial research questions were set widely but at this final stage, answers are coming up. The work also informs the initial research questions by virtue of the ability to categorize them into specified sections for a specified search for answers. The initial questions were wide but at this stage, there is a specified concentration on ways used to quit smoking. There are several issues that hope to be achieved during my time with this topic. From the information so far achieved, there is a lot of information of personal importance that has been realized. By learning about the in-depth questioning, there has been a revelation of the in-depth effects of smoking. It also outlines how the addiction is created through the content chemicals in the cigarette. Moreover, the knowledge goes on to extrapolate the collection of diseases that the body would be susceptible to. This is caused by the more than 4700 chemical compounds in the cigarette. In avoiding a cigarette, personal life would be highly enhanced. Moreover, this does not stop there. There are excessive effects to the environment and the people around. Avoiding this situation, by virtue of the in-depth analysis created in the topic, the health of other people would also be enhanced. The content, specificity, depth and level of personal investment in this topic have turned out to be different from earlier topics. If a comparison is to be drawn with the ‘Dream

Current legislation, standards and guidance require microbial Essay

Current legislation, standards and guidance require microbial monitoring of utilities (eg steam and water), facilities (eg the c - Essay Example The design of the sterile services department facility must be perfect in every detail to prevent microbial contamination of the area and the products. The entryway must be set up as to prevent unauthorised persons from gaining access and to stop workers from entering while wearing improper or insufficient protective clothing, since this traffic would bring outside contaminants into the sterile area. There must be space to separate sterilized equipment from contaminated equipment, so that no microbial cross-contamination occurs. Washrooms and changing rooms must be available to the staff and set up so that workers' outside clothing never comes into contact with their sterile gear (Sterile Services 2004). Due to the strenuous nature of these and dozens of other requirements, many hospitals and medical offices now choose to obtain their sterile equipment through a commercial retailer rather than have their own sterile services department on-site (Lawrence & May 2003). ... vel of particulate matter in the air is used to calculate the possible amount of microbial life present in the clean room facility, as well as dust and other contaminants such as ski and hair. (Rousseau 2004). It is monitored by a discrete-particle counter, which can detect particle diameters anywhere between 0,1 and 5 ?m to aid in determining the ISO clean room class of the facility (Schicht 2003). A sterile services department is required to contain the necessary equipment to disinfect medical products in an approved manner, following a validated sterilization process; the preferred method is steam sterilization (Russel, Hugo, & Ayliffe 1999). Steam sterilization is used because it is non-toxic and provides the most effective method for destroying many types of microbial life. Unfortunately, many contemporary surgical tools and medical devices are made of plastic, and would not survive a steam sterilization cycle. These items are decontaminated with a low-temperature method, such a s acid immersion (HIPAC 2008). Because many medical devices are considered critical risk, designed to come in contact with a patient sub-dermally, it is vitally important for a sterile services department to keep their sterilization equipment in perfect working order. The sterilizer itself must be tested daily to ensure it functions properly and completes an entire sterilization cycle, weekly for safety and function, and annually by a testing technician to check the steriliser against manufacturer specifications (Lawrence & May 2003). These tests help the sterile services department ensure that their sterilizer is actually removing the microbial load. Since the margin for error with sterilization is so narrow, a sterile services department must also ensure all incoming utilities, especially

Uses of Computer in Schools Essay Example for Free

Uses of Computer in Schools Essay Computers are-machines that accept incoming data process them and produce outputs-depending on the users applications. Present time, we are so much associated with these devices that without them we would not be able to live the way we do. They play a crucial role in everybodys life. They bring a major socio-economic revolution not only in India but also in the whole world itself. From pocket calculators to personal computers (PC), food processors and microchips entering through VCRS at home, their uses are manifolds. The computers are employed to assist men in business organizations, in space and other researches and in many other walks of life. The personal computer (PC) is marching into the office where it is improving productivity by replacing paper works, customer services and job satisfactions for some. Why Computers are used widely? The computers process informations that come in all shapes and sizes from any fields so accurately that, some people may call these Informatics— The Science of Informal ion Processing, i.e. the methods of recording, manipulating and retrieving informations. It may be from a mathematical equation to a companys work-force necessary to produce a payroll or from meteorological department to forecast tomorrows weather or from space research to project a new space craft. Whatever may be the case, why computers are used widely? The following characteristics that make the computers very popular for its multifarious uses may give the befitting reply. (i) Speed First, the computers are regarded as high speed calculators. They can process voluminous data within a fraction of second which no human being could do earlier. If we want tomorrows forecast today, meteorologists can use the computers for necessary calculations and analyses. The units of speed of a computer are the microsecond, the nano (10)-9 second and even the picot second. (ii) Storage As human brain can store the knowledge in memory and can able to recall it, the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer can do the same job without any failure. But the internal memory of CPU is only large enough to retain a certain amount of information. So, to store each and every information inside the computer, an Auxiliary or Secondary Storage Device is being attached outside the memory of the CPU. (iii) Accuracy The computers are much popular due to their high speed along with consistently very high accuracy. Sometimes, the machinery may give errors, but due to increase in efficiently error-detecting techniques, these seldom lead to false results. Most of the errors in computers are due to human himself. (iv) Automation Once a programme is in the computers memory, it will start processing the input informations; thus leading to automation. (v) Versatility The computers are versatile in nature. They can perform any task given to them provided they are well programmed, (vi) Diligence Being a machine, a computer is very diligent in its duties. It never suffers from human fatigue and tiredness or lack of concentration. It can perform thousands after thousands calculations with exactly same accuracy and speed as the first one without any rest.

Satellite Communication Systems Overview

Satellite Communication Systems Overview SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS OVERVIEW Satellite communication enables two Stations on the earth to communicate through radio broadcast which are located far away from each other. The two stations use satellite as a relay station for their communication. One of the earth station will transmit to the satellite. This is called as Uplink. The satellite Transponder will convert the signal and sends it down to the other earth station. This is called a Downlink. The satellite communication is advantageous over terrestrial communication because of the huge coverage area and high bandwidth capabilities. The disadvantages of satellite communication are large propagation delay, communication cost and gradual increase in use of bandwidth. The basic factors to be considered in satellite communication are; elevation angle is the angle of the earth surface to the center line of the satellite transmission beam. This angle gives considerable effects on satellites coverage area. Ideally, elevation angle should be 0 degrees, so that the tr ansmission beam will reach the horizon visible to the satellite in all directions. However, there is a minimum elevation angle of earth stations because of the environmental factors like objects blocking the transmission, atmospheric attenuation, and earth electrical background noise. Coverage angle is the measure of the portion of the earth surface visible to a satellite taking the minimum elevation angle into account. [1] It is denoted as, R/(R+h) = cos (ÃŽ ² + ÃŽ ¸)/cos (ÃŽ ¸) Here R is earth radius (6370 Km), h is satellite orbit height, Î’ is coverage angle and ? is the minimum elevation angle. There are impairments like free space loss, atmospheric attenuation caused by rain and fog will create considerable effects during transmission. [1] There are different type of satellite services namely, Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) to offers point to point communication. Broadcast Satellite Services (BSS) to provide satellite television and radio. Mobile satellite Services (MSS) will provide telephony. There are number of satellites orbiting in different orbits. [1] The types of satellite orbits are (GEO) geostationary earth orbit, Medium earth orbit (MEO), Low earth orbit (LEO) Molniya and tundra orbit.GEO satellites are in orbit 35,863 km above the earths surface along the equator. Objects in Geostationary orbit revolve around the earth at the same speed so as the earth rotates. This means GEO satellites remain in the same position relative to the surface of earth. This satellite has large coverage area which almost one fourth of the earths surface. It has 24 hour continuous view of the particular regions of the earth, so it is used for broadcasting and multipoint applications. These GEO satellites have difficulty in broadcasting in near polar region.LEO satellites are much closer to the earth than GEO satellites, ranging from 500 to 1,500 km above the surface.LEO satellites dont stay in fixed position relative to the surface, and are only visible for 15 to 20 minutes each pass. So a network of LEO satellites is necessary for LEO satellites to be useful. A LEO satellites proximity to earth compared to a GEO satellite gives it a better signal strength and less time delay, which is better for point to point communication. A LEO satellites smaller area of coverage is less of a waste of bandwidth. Atmospheric drag affects LEO satellites, causing gradual orbital deterioration. A MEO satellite is in orbit somewhere between 8,000 km and 18,000 km above the earths surface.MEO satellites are similar to LEO satellites in functionality.MEO satellites are visible for much longer periods of time than LEO satellites, usually between 2 to 8 hours.MEO satellites have a larger coverage area than LEO satellites. Tundra and Molniya Orbit Satellites are used by Russia for decades. Molniya Orbit is an elliptical orbit. The satellite remains in a nearly fixed position relative to earth for eight hours. A series of three Molniya satellites can act like a GEO satellite. It is useful for operations in near Polar Regions. [1] International Teleco mmunication Union (ITU) has done the frequency allocation and planning for all satellite services. To facilitate efficient frequency planning, the whole world is divided into three regions. [1] They are, Region 1: Europe, Africa, Mongolia Region 2: Greenland, South and North America Region 3: Australia, Asia, South west pacific Frequency band are allocated within these regions to provide various satellite services. Some of the satellite services are Broadcasting Satellite Services, Mobile satellite services, fixed satellite services, Navigational and meteorological satellite services. [1] Different types of satellites use various frequency bands. They are given in the table below, FREQUNCY BAND OPERATING FREQUENCY (GHz) TYPES OF SATELLITE SERVICE USES L-Band 1-2 MSS S- Band 2-4 MSS C-Band 4-8 FSS X-Band 8-12.5 FSS Ku-Band 12.5-18 FSS and BSS K-Band 18-26.5 FSS and BSS Ka-band 26.5- 40 FSS References: courses.missouristate.edu/HuiLiu/csc690/slides/Satellite.ppt (http://search.missouristate.edu/advanced/courses.aspx)

Industrial Revolution Essay -- History, England, Materialism

During the industrial revolution of England, by engaging in monotonous work, humans became disconnected with nature. By the nineteenth century, when William Wordsworth wrote the sonnet The world is too much with us, the process of industrialization had transformed a worker’s life, leaving no time or place to enjoy or take part in nature. In his Petrarchan sonnet, Wordsworth criticizes humans for losing their hearts to materialism and longs for a world where nature is divine. In the first four lines, the poet angrily addresses the theme of the sonnet which is that the modern age has lost its connection to nature and to everything meaningful. The words â€Å"late and soon† (1) are part of a list that continues in the next line with the phrase â€Å"getting and spending† (2). The line break is for the purpose of the structure of the sonnet. Late and soon refer to the fast pace of the industrial age, and they describe how the past and future are included in the poet’s characterization of mankind. â€Å"Too† (1) and â€Å"soon† (1) have a long vowel â€Å"oo† sound since industrialization, and therefore, exploitation of nature, had been occurring for a long time before Wordsworth wrote this sonnet. Wordsworth wanted to express how â€Å"soon† (1) this exploitation would become known to others by placing the sharp consonant â€Å"n† after the long vowel sound. The caesura in line 1 after the word  "us† (1) gives the reader a chance to feel and reflect upon the weight of the world resting on humanity’s shoulders after the poet’s statement that the world is too fragile for humans to handle. Humanity’s â€Å"powers† (2) have gone to â€Å"waste† (2), which in this context means that they have been used inefficiently. However, other connotations for the word â€Å"waste† (2) are things t... ...ch the narrator responds to her death, is connected to nature but dies before she can attain her own distinct consciousness away from nature. Lucy is connected to nature and exists in a state between the spiritual and human. However, she represents a state of consciousness and exists within the poem as part of the narrator's consciousness. Nature is being portrayed as something almost devine, just as the mythical Greek gods from The world is too much with us were Wordsworth’s favorable alternative to human exploitation of nature. Nevertheless, there is a difference between one being too connected to nature, as Lucy was, and one being nearly disconnected from nature, as humanity was portrayed in The world is too much with us. The only way to be in harmony with nature is to accept nature for what it is – to not to be overly connected with it, but not to exploit it. Industrial Revolution Essay -- History, England, Materialism During the industrial revolution of England, by engaging in monotonous work, humans became disconnected with nature. By the nineteenth century, when William Wordsworth wrote the sonnet The world is too much with us, the process of industrialization had transformed a worker’s life, leaving no time or place to enjoy or take part in nature. In his Petrarchan sonnet, Wordsworth criticizes humans for losing their hearts to materialism and longs for a world where nature is divine. In the first four lines, the poet angrily addresses the theme of the sonnet which is that the modern age has lost its connection to nature and to everything meaningful. The words â€Å"late and soon† (1) are part of a list that continues in the next line with the phrase â€Å"getting and spending† (2). The line break is for the purpose of the structure of the sonnet. Late and soon refer to the fast pace of the industrial age, and they describe how the past and future are included in the poet’s characterization of mankind. â€Å"Too† (1) and â€Å"soon† (1) have a long vowel â€Å"oo† sound since industrialization, and therefore, exploitation of nature, had been occurring for a long time before Wordsworth wrote this sonnet. Wordsworth wanted to express how â€Å"soon† (1) this exploitation would become known to others by placing the sharp consonant â€Å"n† after the long vowel sound. The caesura in line 1 after the word  "us† (1) gives the reader a chance to feel and reflect upon the weight of the world resting on humanity’s shoulders after the poet’s statement that the world is too fragile for humans to handle. Humanity’s â€Å"powers† (2) have gone to â€Å"waste† (2), which in this context means that they have been used inefficiently. However, other connotations for the word â€Å"waste† (2) are things t... ...ch the narrator responds to her death, is connected to nature but dies before she can attain her own distinct consciousness away from nature. Lucy is connected to nature and exists in a state between the spiritual and human. However, she represents a state of consciousness and exists within the poem as part of the narrator's consciousness. Nature is being portrayed as something almost devine, just as the mythical Greek gods from The world is too much with us were Wordsworth’s favorable alternative to human exploitation of nature. Nevertheless, there is a difference between one being too connected to nature, as Lucy was, and one being nearly disconnected from nature, as humanity was portrayed in The world is too much with us. The only way to be in harmony with nature is to accept nature for what it is – to not to be overly connected with it, but not to exploit it.

Drugs And Alcoholism: Why Are Teenagers Involved? :: essays research papers

Adolescence is much like a midpoint in ones life; when a person is neither a kid nor an adult. At this period, teens have passed the age when they were called kids but are not yet qualified to be adults. Teenagers want to think like adults, behave like adults and also start to view themselves as independent beings in decision making. All this hormonal changes also come with the negativity of maturity such as drugs and alcohol. The statistics below show that the percentage of teenagers using drugs and alcohol in the last decade has increased. Why is this? The answer is that teenagers are under pressure by their peers, mass media and also the influence of parents. 8th-Graders10th-Graders12th-Graders Marijuana22.2%40.9%49.7% Cocaine4.77.79.8 Inhalants15.417.019.7 LSD4.18.512.2 Heroin2.02.32.3 Alcohol52.170.680.0 Cigarettes44.157.664.6 Peer pressure plays a major role in the harmful behavior of teens. Teens who want to fit in among their friends are most especially prone to this. They try to make friends and they get friends as much as possible. Of these friends there are the good ones who give them the knowledge and information you want need or inquire and there are the ones who give them information about not too good things like drug, alcohol, parties, e.t.c. This influential communication between a teen and his/her peer may be directly or indirectly. Directly such as conversations with their friends or indirectly such as listening to classmates discussing of a party which occurred a night before. Then they begin to mention alcohol, drugs and violence obviously from what have experienced they talk about it in a way possible. Then you would like to see how good it is the next weekend you go to that kind of party. If you can not resist such as a temptation you will begin to do harmful deeds that will definitely ha ve adverse results in the future. Let’s not put all the blame on teens and their peers alone. The mass media is also responsible in an understandable way. The media has proven to be a lot damaging than useful in the type of information meant for mature audience but end up with the immature audience. Soap operas and frivolous shows shown on TV contain immoral and untrue images of the world as it is more of the writer’s imagination or the way directors direct them to act. Most teenagers are probably old enough to watch this shows but not mature enough to comprehend with the fictitious nature of movies and soap operas.

Examine the importance of Russian weaknesses in WW1 in explaining the start of Revolution in 1917

The weaknesses of Russia during World War One were very important in explaining the start of the Russian Revolution in 1917. Although their were also other factors that contributed to the start of the Revolution in 1917 like the role of Tsar and the problems in Petrograd. Russia had many weaknesses during WW1 both at home at and the front line which could have helped cause the Revolution in 1917. Russia was unable to beat Japan due to many weaknesses at the front line. The soldiers weren't given any proper training and their weapons were mostly out of date and even at one point their was only one gun between three soldiers. Their was also very bad transport in Russia at the time which meant some soldiers couldn't be taken to the front because their was train to take them their and they would just be stuck in the train station. Having bad transport also meant that food was unable to get to the soldiers at the front which caused many to starve. The food for the soldiers and the people back home was delivered to a city Archangel but because their weren't any trains to deliver the food to them, it just stayed in Archangel. Also, their were many casualties during the war but due to the bad transport medical supplies like medicines and nurses were unable to be taken to the front to treat the wounded. The war gave soldiers the opportunity to communicate with each other and share their ideas, it also gave them experience with weapons and training which they were able to use in the revolution. Their were also many problems at home during WW1. Russia had a population of hundred and five million during WW1 and only three and a half million were industrial workers, this is because most of them had gone of to fight in the war but with a lack of industrial workers it meant that the amount of weapons being made would decrease and by three months into the war the amount of weapons being made had fallen by fifty percent. During the war because their was not enough people to run the factories Peasants were used to work in the factories, but with the peasants working in the factories this meant the land being used to make food fell by twenty percent. This made people really angry because of the shortage of food. Also the food prices went up and during 1914 and 1917 food prices had increased five times, this made people angry because their wages weren't being increased and only less then ten percent of workers were receiving minimum wage. With the lack of food and the food prices being increased made many people angry enough to decide to go on strikes. Many strikes occurred and in 1914 their were altogether sixty-eight strikes and in January and February of 1917 one thousand three hundred and thirty strikes occurred. These strikes showed that people wanted change. Many people though loved Tsar at the beginning of the war because it made them feel patriotic towards their country and they were willing to support him because they wanted to win the war. Industrial reform was another factor that could have helped cause the Revolution of 1917. In the 1890's Russia started to industrialise and this stage was known as ‘The Great Spurt'. A man called Sergi Witte wanted to modernise Russia and move everyone to the cities, this was a bad move because 80% of Russia's population at the time were peasants, and in 1881 only 928,000 people were living in St Petersburg. By 1914 the population of St Petersburg had increased to 2,217,000 this caused a lot of problems. It caused social unrest, their were on trade union or legal representation and bad living conditions because the city was so crowded. It also caused food shortages because their weren't as many peasants producing food and their were too many people living in the town it was hard to supply food for them all. Having so many people living in an overcrowded city was a bad move because people were able to talk to each other and plan and organise a revolution. Sergi Witte managed to build a Trans-Siberian railway, but although it was a step in industrialising Russia it was a poor one. The Railway only went form east to west, this was the reason why soldiers were unable to get to the front line and fight and it was also the reason why food supplies weren't being delivered to places in the north and south of Russia and to the soldiers. The role of Tsar also helped in causing the Revolution of 1917. Although Tsar was liked at the beginning of WW1 but by the end of the war he was very disliked by many people. He believed in Romanov tradition and believed that he ruled through divine right, which meant he believed he was chosen by god and refused to embrace any type of change. One of the things he believed and lived by was Russification, he wanted to make Russia more Russian and by doing this he treated Ukrainians badly, prosecuted Jews because he felt that they weren't real Russians and caused huge discrimination. He also called peasants the ‘dark masses'. A man called Pobedonostsev tutored Nicholas II and his father Alexander III which allowed him to have a huge influence over the both of them. Pobedonostsev was the one who told them to give no freedom and because of the huge influence Pobedononstsev had over Nicholas and his father that is what Nicholas and his father did, they gave no freedom. Tsar's personal feelings and personality was also a reason that could have helped cause the Revolution of 1917. He was known to be very stubborn and impatient and disagreed with any change. He had bad judgement in the appointment and dismissal of ministers and he also refused to appoint a government which had the confidence of the public during the war which caused a lot of people to turn against him. Rasputin was also a cause of opposition towards Tsar. Tsar's choice of having Rasputin as an adviser was a bad move; this was because the Wealth Influential Court Ministers hated Rasputin and his powers and started to turn against Tsar because of Rasputin. Also in 1917 Tsar sacked his uncle and became commander of chief of the whole army. This was the worst thing Tsar could have done because it meant that he would get the blame from people when Russia gets defeated in wars, it also meant that he was away from home a lot. With Tsar being away from home a lot it allowed opposition to grow and problems to occur like the strikes by workers and peasants. Agrarian reform was also another factor that could have helped cause the Revolution in 1917. A man called Stolypin who was a big supporter of Tsar wanted to change the way peasants were farming in Russia. He believed in ‘suppression first, and then, and only then reform', he wanted to work out how to feed the growing population of Russia. Peasants were very conservative and the form of farming they did was called strip farming which was were they farm for their needs no one else's, but Stolypin wanted to get the peasants to farm for the big cities like St Petersburg and Moscow. The way in which he went in trying to make these changes was by terrorising them. All though Stolypin tried by 1914 most peasants were still strip farming which meant that people in St Petersburg and Moscow still didn't have enough for food for their growing population which got people in the cities angry. Also because 80% of the population of Russia were peasants, by terrorising them like Stolypin did a lot of them would have turned away from supporting Tsar because Stolypin was such a big supporter of Tsar. The failure to meet needs after 1905 Revolution in the October manifesto was also another factor that could have caused the Revolution on 1917. Russia was very surprised by their defeat from the Russo-Japanese war and that it self would have made people want to revolt. After the 1905 Revolution, which didn't work because their was no actual leader, Tsar had to make the people happy so he signed the October Manifesto which created the Duma, the Russian parliament. The Duma was split into two the Elected Duma and the State Council. The State council was appointed by Tsar which initially gave them more power over the Elected Duma. Although Tsar allowed the Duma which looked like he was given more freedom to the Russian people he was still the one who was able to control the Duma. If he didn't agree with any of the ideas of the Dumas he was able to dissolve it. The first Duma only lasted from 1st May to July 1906, the second one lasted form March to June 1907 and was dissolved because the Duma demanded rights and didn't like Stolypins ideas but Tsar did. The reason Tsar kept the Duma though was because although it looked like he was given people more freedom he wasn't and it was actually ineffective. Also Tsar felt that it looked impressive to other countries. Many Russians set up groups that rebelled against tsar because the Duma wasn't getting the things they wanted, like rights. One group set up was the Vyborg Group and they appeared to the people to defy Tsar by not paying tax, they were soon executed by Stoylpin. The final chaos in Petrograd symbolised Tsar had been deserted by everybody which helped cause the Revolution of 1917 because he had no supporters left. With no supporters Tsar had no hope of staying in power for long because of the amount of opposition growing. From 18th February to 4th March many problems occurred for Tsar like strikes from people at home and from people in the army. Opposition grows stronger, Tsar dissolved what was left of the Duma but twelve of them refused to go and set up a Provisional Committee. Tsar was advised by Kerensky, a leader politician to step down and the Duma president Rodzyanko said to him ‘their is not one honest man left in your entourage. The decent people have either left or been dismissed', this showed that Tsar had no followers left. Tsar decided to return to Petrograd because he felt that if he went back all the problems would calm down. Altogether these key factors all helped cause the 1917 Revolution and World War One acted as the spark that caused it to finally happen. Industrial reform, Agrarian reform, Tsars personality and beliefs and the failure to meet needs after the 1905 revolution in the October manafesto all caused a lot of opposition to grow against Tsar. Other then World War One Tsars personality and beliefs was a main cause of the 1917 revolution, because of his stubbornness and refusal of allowing any freedom for people got people very angry. He also lost a lot of support from important people, like the Wealth influential court ministers because of his choice of having Rasputin as a friend and leaving him as his wife's adviser when he was away. Becoming Commander of Chief was also a big mistake for Tsar to have become. World War One was the incident that sparked of the Revolution because during World war one was when most opposition from Russians grew, because of the food shortages and prices going up. World War one was like the midwife of the revolution, like Lenin said ‘war is the midwife of a revolution'.